Based on technology stolen from the Earth Alliance, the Dreadnought was jointly developed by PLANT's three primary military design bureaus: Clarke, Asimov, and Heinlein. It was a testbed for ZAFT's newly developed Neutron Jammer Canceller, which allowed the use of nuclear power under Neutron Jammer interference, making it the first mobile suit to be powered by a nuclear engine. The Dreadnought's Neutron Jammer Canceller was installed in its head, unlike the later nuclear-powered mobile suits that were developed using its data. Therefore, while its head was a custom made, Gundam type head, its body reused many parts from the ZGMF-600 GuAIZ to shorten its development time. Additionally, several of its weapons were based on those used by the GuAIZ.
Due to its prototype nature, the Dreadnought's Neutron Jammer Canceller has a greater effective range than later units. Instead of being confined to the Dreadnought's nuclear engine, it also allowed nuclear reactions to occur nearby. Taking advantage of the nuclear engine's high output, the Dreadnought was equipped with the Phase Shift armor and the new DRAGOON System, both of which consume massive amount of power.